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Class 5/Practice Questions
Food and Health - Competency Based & Assertion-Reasoning Questions
Practice questions testing deep understanding of nutrition, balanced diets, and deficiency diseases, including case studies and assertion-reasoning formats.
Read the following scenario and answer the questions:Scenario: Ravi is a 10-year-old boy who loves eating burgers, pizzas, and drinking sugary sodas every day. He rarely eats vegetables or fruits. Recently, his mother noticed that his gums were bleeding when he brushed his teeth, and he complained of feeling constantly tired despite getting enough sleep. The doctor diagnosed him with a specific deficiency disease.
Q1. Based on Ravi's diet and symptoms, which vitamin is he likely deficient in, and what is the name of the disease he is suffering from?
✓ Answer
Ravi is likely deficient in Vitamin C. The disease associated with bleeding gums and a deficiency in Vitamin C is called Scurvy.
Q2. Suggest two specific food items Ravi should add to his daily diet to recover from this deficiency. Why are these foods important?
✓ Answer
Ravi should add citrus fruits (like oranges, lemons) and vegetables (like tomatoes, broccoli) to his diet. These foods are rich sources of Vitamin C, which is essential for healthy gums, skin, and immune function.
Q3. An athlete is preparing for a long-distance marathon tomorrow. Her coach advises her to eat a large bowl of pasta tonight rather than a meal heavy in butter and cheese. Biologically justify the coach's advice.
✓ Answer
Pasta is rich in carbohydrates, which are the body's primary and quickest source of energy. Eating carbohydrates before a race fills the body's glycogen stores. Butter and cheese are rich in fats, which take much longer to digest and release energy, making them unsuitable for quick energy needs before a race.
Q4. Roughage (dietary fiber) provides zero nutrients to the body, yet doctors insist it is a critical part of a balanced diet. Explain why roughage is indispensable.
✓ Answer
While it provides no nutrients, roughage adds bulk to our food. This helps the muscles of the digestive tract push food through the system easily, preventing constipation and ensuring proper bowel movements.
Directions: For the following questions, a statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of Reason (R). Choose the correct option:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Q5.Assertion (A): Growing children require a higher proportion of proteins in their diet compared to adults.
Reason (R): Proteins are body-building foods essential for the rapid growth and repair of tissues in children.
✓ Answer
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Q6.Assertion (A): A person suffering from anemia looks pale and gets tired easily.
Reason (R): Anemia is caused by a deficiency of calcium in the diet, which weakens the bones.
✓ Answer
(c) A is true but R is false. (Anemia is caused by a deficiency of iron, not calcium. Iron is needed to make hemoglobin, which carries oxygen, and its lack causes fatigue and paleness).
Q7.Assertion (A): Junk food is tasty but eating it regularly leads to obesity and poor health.
Reason (R): Junk food is typically high in refined sugars, unhealthy fats, and lacks essential vitamins and minerals.
✓ Answer
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Q8. Two communities live in different environments: Community A lives in a coastal region with abundant sunlight and seafood, while Community B lives in a cold, mountainous region with long, dark winters and mostly eats grains and root vegetables. Predict which community is more likely to suffer from Rickets (Vitamin D deficiency) and Goiter (Iodine deficiency). Provide biological reasoning for your prediction.
✓ Answer
Community B is more likely to suffer from Rickets because Vitamin D is synthesized by the skin in the presence of sunlight, and they experience long, dark winters.
Community B is also more likely to suffer from Goiter because the soil in mountainous regions is often poor in iodine, whereas Community A consumes seafood, which is a rich natural source of iodine.